Sebagai seorang wanita, begitu banyak yang perlu anda lalui dalam kehidupan ini. Anda tentu sedar perjalanan hidup anda tidak sentiasa tenang. Misalnya, dilemma yang sering dihadapi oleh pesakit kanser payudara ialah apabila rawatan penyakit itu menuntut supaya payudara yang diserang kanser dibuang. Bagi wanita, kehilangan payudara adalah satu trauma dalam kehidupan. Bukan sahaja pesakit tersebut mengalami pelbagai tekanan perasaan, pembuangan salah satu payudara menyebabkan mereka seolah-olah menjadi individu yang cacat dari aspek kewanitaan. Sehubungan itu, ada sebahagian besar wanita sanggup memilih meneruskan hidup dengan kanser biarpun terpaksa menggadai nyawa
Di MAA kami ada cara untuk membantu mengurangkan tekanan psikologi yang dihadapi oleh wanita yang tidak mempunyai pilihan lain dalam menangani penyakit itu. Produk terbaru Maaster Wanita, berupaya membantu anda menangani pelbagai risiko penyakit wanita melalui satu cara simpanan yang lebih efektif supaya anda tidak mengalami kesengsaraan hidup seorang diri. Ini termasuk pembiayaan untuk pembedahan rekonstruktif payudara (akibat kanser atau kemalangan) yang dilihat sebagai harapan baru kepada pesakit-pesakit kanser payudara.
Risiko Penyakit-Penyakit Wanita Yang Perlu Anda Fikirkan 1 dari 9 wanita Malaysia akan terdedah kepada kanser payudara
Kanser Payudara merupakan pembunuh No: 1 di kalangan Wanita Malaysia hari ini.
Kajian Dunia – setiap 3 minit, seorang wanita dikesan menghidap Kanser Payudara
95 kes kanser dikesan setiap hari di Malaysia.
40,000 kes kanser dikesan setiap tahun di Malaysia Risiko Persaraan Yang Perlu Anda Fikirkan
Kebanyakan wanita menghabiskan 1/3 dari sisa hidup keseorangan, samada sebagai balu, tidak pernah berkahwin atau bercerai
Hampir 85% orang tua miskin adalah wanita
80% penghuni rumah kebajikan adalah wanita
60% wanita tiada pencen sara hidup
18% wanita langsung tidak membuat simpanan untuk persaraan
Lebih 72% pesara habiskan simpanan KWSP mereka dalam tempoh 3 tahun sahaja
CUBA TANYA DIRI ANDA SENDIRI SEJUJUR-JUJURNYA?
Adakah diri anda penting kepada keluarga dan anak-anak anda?
Bolehkah anda jamin yang diri anda tidak akan diserang kanser?
Bolehkah suami anda menanggung sara hidup anda jika anda lumpuh?
Bolehkah anda jamin kehidupan persaraan yang selesa?
Sayangilah diri anda sendiri
Fikirkan masa depan anak-anak anda!
Thursday, July 10, 2008
Susunan Hak Ke Atas Harta Pusaka
Apabila seseorang itu meninggal, adalah wajib bagi yang masih hidup menyempurnakan enam hak si mati menurut susunan (tertib) di bawah ini:
i. Hak Allah
Ia bermaksud segala hutang si mati kepada Allah, seperti zakat, menunaikan haji fardu, pembayaran pelbagai kaffarah (tebusan) seperti kaffarah sumpah, dzihar, jimak ketika dalam ibadat puasa Ramadan atau dalam ihram haji atau umrah, membunuh nyawa dan sebagainya.
Perlu diingat, antara hutang zakat dan haji, hendaklah didahulukan zakat. Jika tidak ada baki wang setelah menunaikan zakat, maka hutang haji gugur terhadap diri si mati. Selanjutnya terpulanglah kepada waris atau sesiapa sahaja yang berniat untuk menghajikan si mati dengan ongkos mereka sendiri, jika mereka mahu.
Melunaskan hutang kepada Allah wajib didahulukan daripada hutang kepada manusia.
ii. Biaya pengurusan si mati
Segala pembiayaan yang diperlukan untuk mengurus jenazah daripada saat ia meninggal dunia sampai dikuburkan. Ini termasuk memandikan, mengapankan, mengusung dan menguburkannya dengan penuh kesederhanaan.
iii. Melunasi hutang atas harta yang telah digadai
Rumah atau tanah yang dibeli si mati dengan skim pergadaian (mortgage). Anggota waris hendaklah menjual harta itu dan melangsaikan hutangnya. Setelah itu wang selebihnya barulah dikira sebagai harta pusaka dan dibahagikan secara faraid kepada para waris.
iv. Melunasi lain-lain hutang
Kewajipan utama bagi ahli waris ialah melunasi segala hutang si mati untuk membebaskan pertanggungjawabannya di akhirat nanti.
Termasuk dalam hutang ini ialah hutang Diyah (wang ganti rugi atau duit darah kepada keluarga mangsa yang dibunuh) dan mas kahwin yang belum dilunaskan.
Walaupun si mati ada meninggalkan wasiat, melunaskan hutangnya hendaklah didahulukan daripada wasiatnya.
v. Melaksanakan wasiat si mati
Wasiat adalah untuk ajnabi (mereka yang boleh dikahwini) dan bukan ahli waris kecuali dipersetujui oleh semua ahli waris lain. Ini dijelaskan oleh Rasulullah dalam hadisnya, "Sesungguhnya Allah telah memberikan hak kepada yang punya hak, maka tidak ada wasiat untuk waris."
Wasiat pula tidak boleh melebihi sepertiga (yakni 1/3 dari baki harta pusaka setelah dikeluarkan untuk i - iv). Ini sesuai dengan hadis, "Sesungguhnya Allah s.w.t. telah menganjurkan kamu bersedekah dengan sepertiga harta kamu di kala kamu meninggal dunia (dengan jalan wasiat) sebagai tambahan kepada amal baik kamu." Hadith Riwayat Bukhari.
vi. Hak waris
Para waris berhak terhadap baki daripada harta si mati setelah dibahagikan untuk pihak i - v di atas.
Sedikit mana sekalipun baki harta si mati, ia tetap menjadi hak setiap warisnya. Justeru itu ia mesti dibahagikan mengikut peraturan Allah kecuali ada waris yang tidak mahu haknya.
Jika ada waris yang tidak berada di dalam negeri atau hilang, maka bahagiannya mesti disimpan untuk diberikan setelah ia kembali.
Merahsiakan harta pusaka si mati daripada ahli waris yang berhak adalah satu penipuan. Ia perbuatan yang haram dan zalim. Ahli waris yang terlibat dalam perkara, secara langsung atau tidak langsung atau bersubahat, akan bertanggungjawab terhadap Allah di dunia dan akhirat kelak.
Sebagai orang Islam, kita tidak boleh membahagikan harta mengikut tatacara sesabuah negara dengan mengabaikan perintah Allah.
Syarat-syarat mempusakai harta ada 3:
Matinya muwarrith dengan yakin (mati haqiqy)
Hidup ahli waris dengan pasti di saat kematian simuwarrith
Diketahui kedudukan waris (seperti apakah dia sekandung, sebapa , seibu dengan simuwarrith)
Anda harus maklum bahawa orang-orang yang tidak berhubung dengan si mati melalui nasab dan perkahwinan (suami/isteri) tidak berhak untuk mewarisi harta si mati, contoh seperti :
anak tiri, ibu tiri, bapa tiri
anak angkat atau bapa/ibu angkat
ipar kepada si mati
Sementara golongan di bawah ini tidak berhak untuk mewarisi harta pusaka:
Pembunuhan
Kehambaan (sudah tidak ada di zaman ini)
Berlainan agama
i. Hak Allah
Ia bermaksud segala hutang si mati kepada Allah, seperti zakat, menunaikan haji fardu, pembayaran pelbagai kaffarah (tebusan) seperti kaffarah sumpah, dzihar, jimak ketika dalam ibadat puasa Ramadan atau dalam ihram haji atau umrah, membunuh nyawa dan sebagainya.
Perlu diingat, antara hutang zakat dan haji, hendaklah didahulukan zakat. Jika tidak ada baki wang setelah menunaikan zakat, maka hutang haji gugur terhadap diri si mati. Selanjutnya terpulanglah kepada waris atau sesiapa sahaja yang berniat untuk menghajikan si mati dengan ongkos mereka sendiri, jika mereka mahu.
Melunaskan hutang kepada Allah wajib didahulukan daripada hutang kepada manusia.
ii. Biaya pengurusan si mati
Segala pembiayaan yang diperlukan untuk mengurus jenazah daripada saat ia meninggal dunia sampai dikuburkan. Ini termasuk memandikan, mengapankan, mengusung dan menguburkannya dengan penuh kesederhanaan.
iii. Melunasi hutang atas harta yang telah digadai
Rumah atau tanah yang dibeli si mati dengan skim pergadaian (mortgage). Anggota waris hendaklah menjual harta itu dan melangsaikan hutangnya. Setelah itu wang selebihnya barulah dikira sebagai harta pusaka dan dibahagikan secara faraid kepada para waris.
iv. Melunasi lain-lain hutang
Kewajipan utama bagi ahli waris ialah melunasi segala hutang si mati untuk membebaskan pertanggungjawabannya di akhirat nanti.
Termasuk dalam hutang ini ialah hutang Diyah (wang ganti rugi atau duit darah kepada keluarga mangsa yang dibunuh) dan mas kahwin yang belum dilunaskan.
Walaupun si mati ada meninggalkan wasiat, melunaskan hutangnya hendaklah didahulukan daripada wasiatnya.
v. Melaksanakan wasiat si mati
Wasiat adalah untuk ajnabi (mereka yang boleh dikahwini) dan bukan ahli waris kecuali dipersetujui oleh semua ahli waris lain. Ini dijelaskan oleh Rasulullah dalam hadisnya, "Sesungguhnya Allah telah memberikan hak kepada yang punya hak, maka tidak ada wasiat untuk waris."
Wasiat pula tidak boleh melebihi sepertiga (yakni 1/3 dari baki harta pusaka setelah dikeluarkan untuk i - iv). Ini sesuai dengan hadis, "Sesungguhnya Allah s.w.t. telah menganjurkan kamu bersedekah dengan sepertiga harta kamu di kala kamu meninggal dunia (dengan jalan wasiat) sebagai tambahan kepada amal baik kamu." Hadith Riwayat Bukhari.
vi. Hak waris
Para waris berhak terhadap baki daripada harta si mati setelah dibahagikan untuk pihak i - v di atas.
Sedikit mana sekalipun baki harta si mati, ia tetap menjadi hak setiap warisnya. Justeru itu ia mesti dibahagikan mengikut peraturan Allah kecuali ada waris yang tidak mahu haknya.
Jika ada waris yang tidak berada di dalam negeri atau hilang, maka bahagiannya mesti disimpan untuk diberikan setelah ia kembali.
Merahsiakan harta pusaka si mati daripada ahli waris yang berhak adalah satu penipuan. Ia perbuatan yang haram dan zalim. Ahli waris yang terlibat dalam perkara, secara langsung atau tidak langsung atau bersubahat, akan bertanggungjawab terhadap Allah di dunia dan akhirat kelak.
Sebagai orang Islam, kita tidak boleh membahagikan harta mengikut tatacara sesabuah negara dengan mengabaikan perintah Allah.
Syarat-syarat mempusakai harta ada 3:
Matinya muwarrith dengan yakin (mati haqiqy)
Hidup ahli waris dengan pasti di saat kematian simuwarrith
Diketahui kedudukan waris (seperti apakah dia sekandung, sebapa , seibu dengan simuwarrith)
Anda harus maklum bahawa orang-orang yang tidak berhubung dengan si mati melalui nasab dan perkahwinan (suami/isteri) tidak berhak untuk mewarisi harta si mati, contoh seperti :
anak tiri, ibu tiri, bapa tiri
anak angkat atau bapa/ibu angkat
ipar kepada si mati
Sementara golongan di bawah ini tidak berhak untuk mewarisi harta pusaka:
Pembunuhan
Kehambaan (sudah tidak ada di zaman ini)
Berlainan agama
Perancangan Harta Pusaka dalam Islam
Mengikut statistik terkini, lebih 1 juta kes harta pusaka masih belum selesai hingga sekarang. Harta pusaka yang dibekukan dianggarkan lebih RM100 Billion. Dan kejadian seperti anak saman mak, anak pukul bapak, kerana berebutkan harta pusaka sering berlaku di pejabat tanah. Kejadian seperti ini bukan sahaja memalukan kita sebagai orang Melayu, malahan menunjukkan kejahilan bangsa kita terhadap hukum agama Islam sendiri.
SIAPA YANG PERLU MERANCANG PUSAKA?
- Orang yang berhutang (wajib)
- Orang yang tiada anak atau tiada anak lelaki
- Orang yang mempunyai anak kecil atau anak angkat
- Ibu/Bapa Tunggal
- Suami : bagi melindungi harta sepencarian isteri
- Isteri : bagi melindungi harta sepencarian suami
Selepas seseorang itu dikebumikan, pewaris-pewaris akan dipanggil untuk satu mesyuarat berkenaan perlaksanaan pusaka. Sebelum pewaris-pewaris menuntut hak mereka ke atas pusaka, mereka perlu sedar hak pusaka ke atas pewaris seperti perlu bayar zakat harta, harta perlu digunakan untuk kebaikan atau amal jariah, selesaikan hutang/zakat kafarah arwah dan sebagainya.
PROSEDUR PERLAKSANAAN HARTA PUSAKA
1- Menanggung perbelanjaan pengkebumian (Khairat Kematian)
2- Zakat Kafarah (Hutang kepada Allah) seperti puasa (diganti pewaris) dan haji (buat upah-haji untuk si mati)
3- Bayar hutang arwah (termasuk kos pentaerdbiran pusaka seperti peguam dan pemegang amanah/trustee)
4- Kutip hutang bagi pihak arwah.
5- Pembahagian Harta Sepencarian
6- Pembahagian Pusaka Mengikut Hukum Faraid
Hasil pengalaman saya, ramai orang tidak sedar hutang seperti pinjaman kereta, pinjaman peribadi dan kad kredit tidak dilindungi dengan insurans hayat. Anda perlu sedar walaupun ada rumah pusaka, ia perlu dijual untuk mendapatkan tunai. Masalahnya, bukan mudah nak jual rumah kerana ia mengambil masa yang agak lama, dan jika berjaya dijual pun, di mana anak isteri akan tinggal selepas ini?
Disinilah kebanyakan orang 'gagal' di dalam perancangan pusaka kerana dibebani pelbagai hutang pinjaman dan tiada Pusaka Tunai yang boleh digunakan untuk membayar hutang tersebut.
Oleh yang demikian, sila pastikan anda mempunyai perlindungan insurans hayat yang mencukupi untuk menanggung segala hutang pinjaman dan melindungi pendapatan tahunan anda untuk beberapa tahun. Ini supaya hutang pinjaman dapat diselesaikan, dan pewaris-pewaris dapat meneruskan kehidupan dengan sempurna.
WASIAT ISLAM
Penting (Perlu dibuat) untuk:
Melantik Pentadbir Pusaka
Supaya Harta Pusaka Tidak Terbeku
Supaya anda ada pilihan untuk penyerahkan harta pusaka kepada bukan pewaris seperti ibu/bapa yang bukan Islam, anak angkat, anak tiri atau sesiapa sahaja
Harta yang boleh diwasiatkan terhad kepada 1/3 sahaja dan tidak boleh dibuat kepada pewaris seperti isteri melainkan dipersetujui oleh semua pewaris-pewaris.
Tanpa wasiat Islam dan perancangan Pusaka Islam, perselisihan keluarga akan berlaku (terutamanya dihasut oleh bukan pewaris i.e penyibuk), hak-hak pasangan tidak kesampaian dan harta pusaka mungkin akan dibekukan tanpa boleh dimanafaatkan oleh sesiapa.
SIAPA YANG PERLU MERANCANG PUSAKA?
- Orang yang berhutang (wajib)
- Orang yang tiada anak atau tiada anak lelaki
- Orang yang mempunyai anak kecil atau anak angkat
- Ibu/Bapa Tunggal
- Suami : bagi melindungi harta sepencarian isteri
- Isteri : bagi melindungi harta sepencarian suami
Selepas seseorang itu dikebumikan, pewaris-pewaris akan dipanggil untuk satu mesyuarat berkenaan perlaksanaan pusaka. Sebelum pewaris-pewaris menuntut hak mereka ke atas pusaka, mereka perlu sedar hak pusaka ke atas pewaris seperti perlu bayar zakat harta, harta perlu digunakan untuk kebaikan atau amal jariah, selesaikan hutang/zakat kafarah arwah dan sebagainya.
PROSEDUR PERLAKSANAAN HARTA PUSAKA
1- Menanggung perbelanjaan pengkebumian (Khairat Kematian)
2- Zakat Kafarah (Hutang kepada Allah) seperti puasa (diganti pewaris) dan haji (buat upah-haji untuk si mati)
3- Bayar hutang arwah (termasuk kos pentaerdbiran pusaka seperti peguam dan pemegang amanah/trustee)
4- Kutip hutang bagi pihak arwah.
5- Pembahagian Harta Sepencarian
6- Pembahagian Pusaka Mengikut Hukum Faraid
Hasil pengalaman saya, ramai orang tidak sedar hutang seperti pinjaman kereta, pinjaman peribadi dan kad kredit tidak dilindungi dengan insurans hayat. Anda perlu sedar walaupun ada rumah pusaka, ia perlu dijual untuk mendapatkan tunai. Masalahnya, bukan mudah nak jual rumah kerana ia mengambil masa yang agak lama, dan jika berjaya dijual pun, di mana anak isteri akan tinggal selepas ini?
Disinilah kebanyakan orang 'gagal' di dalam perancangan pusaka kerana dibebani pelbagai hutang pinjaman dan tiada Pusaka Tunai yang boleh digunakan untuk membayar hutang tersebut.
Oleh yang demikian, sila pastikan anda mempunyai perlindungan insurans hayat yang mencukupi untuk menanggung segala hutang pinjaman dan melindungi pendapatan tahunan anda untuk beberapa tahun. Ini supaya hutang pinjaman dapat diselesaikan, dan pewaris-pewaris dapat meneruskan kehidupan dengan sempurna.
WASIAT ISLAM
Penting (Perlu dibuat) untuk:
Melantik Pentadbir Pusaka
Supaya Harta Pusaka Tidak Terbeku
Supaya anda ada pilihan untuk penyerahkan harta pusaka kepada bukan pewaris seperti ibu/bapa yang bukan Islam, anak angkat, anak tiri atau sesiapa sahaja
Harta yang boleh diwasiatkan terhad kepada 1/3 sahaja dan tidak boleh dibuat kepada pewaris seperti isteri melainkan dipersetujui oleh semua pewaris-pewaris.
Tanpa wasiat Islam dan perancangan Pusaka Islam, perselisihan keluarga akan berlaku (terutamanya dihasut oleh bukan pewaris i.e penyibuk), hak-hak pasangan tidak kesampaian dan harta pusaka mungkin akan dibekukan tanpa boleh dimanafaatkan oleh sesiapa.
Concerns Of Most Prospective Investors
Why Isn't One Investment Plan Right For Everyone?
Before investing, decide what you want your investments to do. Investing is simply using money to make more money. Investment ringgit are not meant to be used for daily living essentials.
You might choose to invest in bank deposits, government bonds, securities, or life insurance. They are all different, and no single investment channel fits the needs of every individual. Neither can a single financial product fulfill all our needs at different stages of our lives.
Since most unit trusts or collective investments limit their investments to securities, let us explore some of the reasons why investors, both institutional and individuals, might want to own a unit trust. Many prefer unit trusts because they are easily bought and sold. They represent variety and flexibility of returns. Unit trusts can be bought at varying prices, from very low to very high, and small amounts can be invested at convenient intervals. Unit trusts can be selected, often with excellent results, by having limited investment background.
When investing in unit trusts, investors can profit in two ways. They may receive distributions. Since the market value of unit trusts fluctuates, investors also profit when selling their unit trusts in the event of substantial or marginal increase in value. However, fluctuation also means the value of your unit trust can go down in value. That is why unit trusts are recommended for medium to long-term investment programme. Regardless of which unit trust is selected, it should meet the investment goals. A basic rule is that it should not be done on impulse.
What About People Who Are Retired Or Have A Family?
Age is a strong consideration in investment decision. Notice how conservatism comes with age. With age, comes the awareness that a serious investment error could jeopardise the security that has taken years to accumulate. The closer the retirement, the fewer the years to rebuild.
Investment risk is quite different from gambling. Weighing risk based on facts is investing. Taking chances based on odds is gambling. The point is, age is an important factor in deciding risk.
Another strong consideration is responsibilities. A young individual beginning a career with the additional responsibility of one or more children must weigh these responsibilities. The most protection for the fewest ringgit should supercede any forced savings that would reduce family protection.
Financial needs change. How they are met should depend on our responsibility.
Why Should I Start Investing Today?
Today's decision should consider tomorrow's needs. There is a direct relationship between the amount of money you need to accumulate and the number of years you have to do it.
For example, if you plan to have a RM120,000 education fund, have 20 years to do it, and expect an annual rate of return of 12%, you have to invest only a little over RM120 a month. Wait 5 years, and with 15 years left you will need over RM240 a month. Procrastinate another 10 years, you will have to take almost RM1,470 each month!
Time can be a real asset when planning for a child's education or our retirement. The more time we have to save, the fewer ringgit we need now. Do not let time slip away.
What Are The Three Rules Of Investing?
There is no simple formula for successful investing. If there were, it would include three basic elements:
Understand what we buy
Buy value at a reasonable price
Be patient
Understanding is so basic, it is often neglected. Too often an investment is made with no total understanding of the transaction. It is vital to understand your investment - the good, the bad, the risks and the rewards. Fully comprehending the objective of any investment will help you be more comfortable.
Value buying demands both research and discipline. A stock may be judged undervalued for various reasons. If an industry is out of favor, the market value of the stocks within the industry might go lower but, if the fundamentals are still positive, it is an opportunity for the investor to buy selectively as it is still a good value stock.
Patience is a vital ingredient of value investing. It could take several years for the value of your investment to materialise. This waiting period demands both patience and confidence. Most successful investors know it takes time for their investment to double, triple, and so forth. Professional managers generally agree that 5 years is reasonable.
Choosing A Professional Fund Manager : Why Can't I Do It Myself?
Put not your trust in moneyBut put your money in trust
Oliver Wendell Holmes
There are a lot of peolple who like to "do it their way" when it comes to investing. Right or wrong, they want to be captain of their ship. But not eveyone can or likes to be captain of their ship. Being a passenger has advantages. It is usually more comfortable and certainly less time consuming. When your investments are managed by someone else, you sit back and either reap the harvest or suffer the loss.
Bank deposits and insurance are the best known managed investments outside the securities area. They usually have some guarantee of principal or income, and the income is usually low with not much risk.
Where does that leave you if you want your money to not only produce a reasonable income now, but to also grow over the years?
The answer to your question is PROFESSIONAL FUND MANAGEMENT.....If you lack experience, time, financial resources, or courage to personally manage investments, or if you believe others can get better results, this is the way to go.
Selecting The Right Unit Trust - How Do I Find A Unit Trust That Fits My Objective?
It used to be simple selecting a unit trust. Today, there are a multitude of different unit trust funds competing for investment ringgit. Perhaps a simpler way is to first identify your investment objectives. If you want your money to grow a larger sum in the future to pay for an objective and your risk tolerance is higher, you may choose a growth fund to do the job. On the other hand, if you need an ongoing income stream to pay for expenses and your risk tolerance is low, a better choice may be a bond fund. You may have different investment objectives, risk tolerance and time horizons at any one time, which warrants owning a mixture of different unit trust funds for different investment purposes.
Why Do I Have To Spend All That Time Reading A Prospectus?
Before investing in any unit trust, read the prospectus. It's required that you get one, so if it's not offered, ask for it!
A prospectus is your protection contract. It tells you all you need to know about the fund. If you plan to own the fund, you will want to know how your money will be invested.
The prospectus is a blueprint of the fund. It tells what the fund managers can and cannot do with your money. It describes risk and limits, and the amount of risk the fund is allowed to take. It tells you whether the purpose of the fund is to make profit as quickly as possible or to make only reasonable gains while first bringing in income and protecting your principal.
Many investors who are in a hurry to reach their goal, take the shortcut of not reading the prospectus. This could jeopardise your investing decisions. Read the prospectus. Arm yourself with sufficient information to make an 'informed decision'. It prepares you for what lies ahead.
Before investing, decide what you want your investments to do. Investing is simply using money to make more money. Investment ringgit are not meant to be used for daily living essentials.
You might choose to invest in bank deposits, government bonds, securities, or life insurance. They are all different, and no single investment channel fits the needs of every individual. Neither can a single financial product fulfill all our needs at different stages of our lives.
Since most unit trusts or collective investments limit their investments to securities, let us explore some of the reasons why investors, both institutional and individuals, might want to own a unit trust. Many prefer unit trusts because they are easily bought and sold. They represent variety and flexibility of returns. Unit trusts can be bought at varying prices, from very low to very high, and small amounts can be invested at convenient intervals. Unit trusts can be selected, often with excellent results, by having limited investment background.
When investing in unit trusts, investors can profit in two ways. They may receive distributions. Since the market value of unit trusts fluctuates, investors also profit when selling their unit trusts in the event of substantial or marginal increase in value. However, fluctuation also means the value of your unit trust can go down in value. That is why unit trusts are recommended for medium to long-term investment programme. Regardless of which unit trust is selected, it should meet the investment goals. A basic rule is that it should not be done on impulse.
What About People Who Are Retired Or Have A Family?
Age is a strong consideration in investment decision. Notice how conservatism comes with age. With age, comes the awareness that a serious investment error could jeopardise the security that has taken years to accumulate. The closer the retirement, the fewer the years to rebuild.
Investment risk is quite different from gambling. Weighing risk based on facts is investing. Taking chances based on odds is gambling. The point is, age is an important factor in deciding risk.
Another strong consideration is responsibilities. A young individual beginning a career with the additional responsibility of one or more children must weigh these responsibilities. The most protection for the fewest ringgit should supercede any forced savings that would reduce family protection.
Financial needs change. How they are met should depend on our responsibility.
Why Should I Start Investing Today?
Today's decision should consider tomorrow's needs. There is a direct relationship between the amount of money you need to accumulate and the number of years you have to do it.
For example, if you plan to have a RM120,000 education fund, have 20 years to do it, and expect an annual rate of return of 12%, you have to invest only a little over RM120 a month. Wait 5 years, and with 15 years left you will need over RM240 a month. Procrastinate another 10 years, you will have to take almost RM1,470 each month!
Time can be a real asset when planning for a child's education or our retirement. The more time we have to save, the fewer ringgit we need now. Do not let time slip away.
What Are The Three Rules Of Investing?
There is no simple formula for successful investing. If there were, it would include three basic elements:
Understand what we buy
Buy value at a reasonable price
Be patient
Understanding is so basic, it is often neglected. Too often an investment is made with no total understanding of the transaction. It is vital to understand your investment - the good, the bad, the risks and the rewards. Fully comprehending the objective of any investment will help you be more comfortable.
Value buying demands both research and discipline. A stock may be judged undervalued for various reasons. If an industry is out of favor, the market value of the stocks within the industry might go lower but, if the fundamentals are still positive, it is an opportunity for the investor to buy selectively as it is still a good value stock.
Patience is a vital ingredient of value investing. It could take several years for the value of your investment to materialise. This waiting period demands both patience and confidence. Most successful investors know it takes time for their investment to double, triple, and so forth. Professional managers generally agree that 5 years is reasonable.
Choosing A Professional Fund Manager : Why Can't I Do It Myself?
Put not your trust in moneyBut put your money in trust
Oliver Wendell Holmes
There are a lot of peolple who like to "do it their way" when it comes to investing. Right or wrong, they want to be captain of their ship. But not eveyone can or likes to be captain of their ship. Being a passenger has advantages. It is usually more comfortable and certainly less time consuming. When your investments are managed by someone else, you sit back and either reap the harvest or suffer the loss.
Bank deposits and insurance are the best known managed investments outside the securities area. They usually have some guarantee of principal or income, and the income is usually low with not much risk.
Where does that leave you if you want your money to not only produce a reasonable income now, but to also grow over the years?
The answer to your question is PROFESSIONAL FUND MANAGEMENT.....If you lack experience, time, financial resources, or courage to personally manage investments, or if you believe others can get better results, this is the way to go.
Selecting The Right Unit Trust - How Do I Find A Unit Trust That Fits My Objective?
It used to be simple selecting a unit trust. Today, there are a multitude of different unit trust funds competing for investment ringgit. Perhaps a simpler way is to first identify your investment objectives. If you want your money to grow a larger sum in the future to pay for an objective and your risk tolerance is higher, you may choose a growth fund to do the job. On the other hand, if you need an ongoing income stream to pay for expenses and your risk tolerance is low, a better choice may be a bond fund. You may have different investment objectives, risk tolerance and time horizons at any one time, which warrants owning a mixture of different unit trust funds for different investment purposes.
Why Do I Have To Spend All That Time Reading A Prospectus?
Before investing in any unit trust, read the prospectus. It's required that you get one, so if it's not offered, ask for it!
A prospectus is your protection contract. It tells you all you need to know about the fund. If you plan to own the fund, you will want to know how your money will be invested.
The prospectus is a blueprint of the fund. It tells what the fund managers can and cannot do with your money. It describes risk and limits, and the amount of risk the fund is allowed to take. It tells you whether the purpose of the fund is to make profit as quickly as possible or to make only reasonable gains while first bringing in income and protecting your principal.
Many investors who are in a hurry to reach their goal, take the shortcut of not reading the prospectus. This could jeopardise your investing decisions. Read the prospectus. Arm yourself with sufficient information to make an 'informed decision'. It prepares you for what lies ahead.
How To Select Unit Trust Funds?
There are many unit trusts funds from which to choose, but having considered the type of fund or funds most likely to meet your needs, you have already narrowed down your choices considerably.
The next logical step is to decide which unit trust fund to invest in.
What To Look For ?
A random check will confirm most, if not all, investors would look at the performance or investment results.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to predict a unit trust's future investment performance. This will depend on the type of fund, the general market trends and the investments which a fund manager picks.
Most managers would provide the past performance tables that normally show the total returns since inception or how much an initial investment made several years ago would be worth today with any income reinvested.
Look at the performance of the funds but do not pay too much attention to period of a year or less - external factors beyond the control of the managers may have influenced results - a high flyer may not stand the test of time. Ideally, a fund showing consistent performance over a long period, the longer the better.
Check the performance of a company's other funds to make sure that it was not just a bit of luck with one fund.
Do not let another type of fund take your fancy just because it has produced better results than the one you had initially chosen. It may be more risky and may not meet your requirements.
However, be warned, past performance figures are no guarantee of the future. A fund that has performed well in the past may not do so in the future and vice versa. Go to Fund Performance for fund comparisons.
Do's and Don'ts of Choosing a Unit Trust Fund
Do
Decide which type of unit trust fund meets your saving needs.
Shop around for a reliable unit trust company
Check whether investment limits, frequency of income payments, etc, are suitable
Check past performance records
Don't
· Don't choose any unit trust fund just because its performance has been good, make sure it is the right fund for you.
Don't pay too much attention to short term performance, good consistent performance over all periods is the best lead.
Don't decide on a unit trust fund just because it has low charges, good performance is far more important
Don't borrow to invest in unit trust unless you are absolutely aware of the risk involved.
The next logical step is to decide which unit trust fund to invest in.
What To Look For ?
A random check will confirm most, if not all, investors would look at the performance or investment results.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to predict a unit trust's future investment performance. This will depend on the type of fund, the general market trends and the investments which a fund manager picks.
Most managers would provide the past performance tables that normally show the total returns since inception or how much an initial investment made several years ago would be worth today with any income reinvested.
Look at the performance of the funds but do not pay too much attention to period of a year or less - external factors beyond the control of the managers may have influenced results - a high flyer may not stand the test of time. Ideally, a fund showing consistent performance over a long period, the longer the better.
Check the performance of a company's other funds to make sure that it was not just a bit of luck with one fund.
Do not let another type of fund take your fancy just because it has produced better results than the one you had initially chosen. It may be more risky and may not meet your requirements.
However, be warned, past performance figures are no guarantee of the future. A fund that has performed well in the past may not do so in the future and vice versa. Go to Fund Performance for fund comparisons.
Do's and Don'ts of Choosing a Unit Trust Fund
Do
Decide which type of unit trust fund meets your saving needs.
Shop around for a reliable unit trust company
Check whether investment limits, frequency of income payments, etc, are suitable
Check past performance records
Don't
· Don't choose any unit trust fund just because its performance has been good, make sure it is the right fund for you.
Don't pay too much attention to short term performance, good consistent performance over all periods is the best lead.
Don't decide on a unit trust fund just because it has low charges, good performance is far more important
Don't borrow to invest in unit trust unless you are absolutely aware of the risk involved.
Why Choose Unit Trust?
With the proliferation of various types of investment products in recent years, people often look for a straight forward, professionally managed investment opportunity that caters for basic investment needs. Public Mutual Berhad has succeeded in meeting those needs with its unit trust funds.
Children's Education
Unit trust can help you to cover the spiralling cost of education for your children or grandchildren. The sooner you start your plan, the lesser will be the burden. Time can be your greatest ally. Go to Education Planning for more details.
Home Ownership
Unit trust can help you to pay off your mortgage earlier, purchase a bigger house or upgrade your existing house. As with any plan, start early. Many bricks build a castle. Go to Home Ownership Planning for more details.
Retirement
Growing old and retiring is inevitable. It is never too early to plan for retirement even though you have the comfort of the Employees' Provident Fund (EPF). You have the right and choice to retire in dignity. Retire comfortably. Plan a nest for your retirement home, orchard and the likes. Unit trust can help do the job. Go to Retirement Planning for more details.
Cash Reserves
The only certainty in life is the uncertainty or unexpected emergencies. Unit trust can help you to set aside some cash for rainy days.
Regardless of your own needs and wants, unit trust makes sense, for potential return and security.
Children's Education
Unit trust can help you to cover the spiralling cost of education for your children or grandchildren. The sooner you start your plan, the lesser will be the burden. Time can be your greatest ally. Go to Education Planning for more details.
Home Ownership
Unit trust can help you to pay off your mortgage earlier, purchase a bigger house or upgrade your existing house. As with any plan, start early. Many bricks build a castle. Go to Home Ownership Planning for more details.
Retirement
Growing old and retiring is inevitable. It is never too early to plan for retirement even though you have the comfort of the Employees' Provident Fund (EPF). You have the right and choice to retire in dignity. Retire comfortably. Plan a nest for your retirement home, orchard and the likes. Unit trust can help do the job. Go to Retirement Planning for more details.
Cash Reserves
The only certainty in life is the uncertainty or unexpected emergencies. Unit trust can help you to set aside some cash for rainy days.
Regardless of your own needs and wants, unit trust makes sense, for potential return and security.
Wednesday, July 9, 2008
Choosing The Best Way To Invest In A Unit Trust
Most unit trust managers offer you a choice of ways to invest.
As A Lump Sum
The minimum lump sum investment in a unit trust is typically in the range of RM500 to RM2,000. There is no limit on how much you can save and invest in a unit trust, though if you are making a very large investment, it is usually advisable to spread your holdings among different funds so that you do not have all your eggs in one basket.
If you are worried that the stock market could fall back from a peak just as you invest your lump sum, you could consider investing it gradually through a regular savings plan.
Via A Regular Savings Plan
Regular savings plan allows investors to put in a set amount monthly to the unit trust of their choice. Usually the minimum initial amount is RM1000 though it may vary with fund managers. The minimum monthly additional investments usually start from RM100. This is a convenient way of saving, as monthly additional investments are usually paid through a bank's standing instructions.
The regular savings plan is also flexible since they are not tied to a particular period of time. This can enhance the returns from unit trust that performs reasonably well over a long period. An advantage of the regular savings plan is that they even out fluctuations in unit price. The same investment each month will buy more units when the price is lower and fewer when the prices are high. The effect of ringgit cost averaging, as it is called, is to make the overall cost of units slightly cheaper. Of course, another advantage is that you can cash in the whole lot or part of it without penalty on any business day. Regular savings plan can improve returns significantly in the long run.
As A Lump Sum
The minimum lump sum investment in a unit trust is typically in the range of RM500 to RM2,000. There is no limit on how much you can save and invest in a unit trust, though if you are making a very large investment, it is usually advisable to spread your holdings among different funds so that you do not have all your eggs in one basket.
If you are worried that the stock market could fall back from a peak just as you invest your lump sum, you could consider investing it gradually through a regular savings plan.
Via A Regular Savings Plan
Regular savings plan allows investors to put in a set amount monthly to the unit trust of their choice. Usually the minimum initial amount is RM1000 though it may vary with fund managers. The minimum monthly additional investments usually start from RM100. This is a convenient way of saving, as monthly additional investments are usually paid through a bank's standing instructions.
The regular savings plan is also flexible since they are not tied to a particular period of time. This can enhance the returns from unit trust that performs reasonably well over a long period. An advantage of the regular savings plan is that they even out fluctuations in unit price. The same investment each month will buy more units when the price is lower and fewer when the prices are high. The effect of ringgit cost averaging, as it is called, is to make the overall cost of units slightly cheaper. Of course, another advantage is that you can cash in the whole lot or part of it without penalty on any business day. Regular savings plan can improve returns significantly in the long run.
How Unit Trust Is Priced ?
How Unit Trust Is Priced?In order to accelerate growth and enhance investor protection in the unit trust industry, on 1 July 2007, the Securities Commission introduced a Single Pricing Regime (SPR) whereby there will only be one price - the Net Asset Value (NAV) per unit - quoted for selling and redeeming unit trusts.
The Single Pricing Regime was introduced to ensure full transparency and disclosure of up-front costs. Unlike the previous dual pricing regime where prices were quoted inclusive of charges, single pricing regime will reflect only the Net Asset Value (NAV) of a unit trust fund while all charges will be separately disclosed. The enhanced transparency of prices and charges will allow investors to compare the costs of investing in unit trusts associated with different distribution channels and should lead to a more competitive cost environment.
Your question will be?
With the new ruling, how many units will you be entitled to and how much shall you pay for your investment?
This example serves only as a guideline on how the calculation is done assuming the fund’s NAV per unit is RM0.2500 and the investment amount is RM5,000.00
Units credited to your account: = Amount invested /NAV per unit= RM5,000/RM0.2500= 20,000 units
Service charge per unit: = NAV per unit x Service Charge (%)= RM0.2500 x 5.45%*= RM0.013625* assuming service charge is @5.45%
Total service charge incurred:= Service charge per unit x Units credited to investor= RM0.013625 x 20,000 units= RM272.50
Finally in progression of the above, the total amount you should pay will be:= Amount invested + Service charge incurred= RM5,000 + RM272.50= RM5,272.50
The Single Pricing Regime was introduced to ensure full transparency and disclosure of up-front costs. Unlike the previous dual pricing regime where prices were quoted inclusive of charges, single pricing regime will reflect only the Net Asset Value (NAV) of a unit trust fund while all charges will be separately disclosed. The enhanced transparency of prices and charges will allow investors to compare the costs of investing in unit trusts associated with different distribution channels and should lead to a more competitive cost environment.
Your question will be?
With the new ruling, how many units will you be entitled to and how much shall you pay for your investment?
This example serves only as a guideline on how the calculation is done assuming the fund’s NAV per unit is RM0.2500 and the investment amount is RM5,000.00
Units credited to your account: = Amount invested /NAV per unit= RM5,000/RM0.2500= 20,000 units
Service charge per unit: = NAV per unit x Service Charge (%)= RM0.2500 x 5.45%*= RM0.013625* assuming service charge is @5.45%
Total service charge incurred:= Service charge per unit x Units credited to investor= RM0.013625 x 20,000 units= RM272.50
Finally in progression of the above, the total amount you should pay will be:= Amount invested + Service charge incurred= RM5,000 + RM272.50= RM5,272.50
Investment In Unit Trust
The Role of Regulator
The Securities Commission Act 1993 provides that the Securities Commission (SC) is responsible for regulating all matters relating to unit trust schemes.
The SC has drawn up a set of Guidelines on Unit Trust Funds (Guidelines) to ensure a fair and consistent application of policies in considering proposals by management companies of unit trust funds.
The Guidelines are formulated with the objective of providing a regulatory framework that would protect the interests of the investing public and facilitate an orderly development of the unit trust industry. The requirements of the Guidelines are to be complied with by all parties involved in a unit trust scheme.
In addition to the above Act and Guidelines, all unit trust management companies must comply with the Companies (Amendments) Act 1997, the Securities Industry Act 1983 and Trustee Act 1949.
The Role Of The Trustee
Whatever may happen to their performance over time, unit trust managers have a reputation for the stability of their funds that is second to none. Much of this is due the legal framework in which they operate. The government lays down strict rules that unit trusts have to follow and the machinery for ensuring that this is done. Every individual fund has its own independent trustee, although for administrative simplicity, it is not unusual for unit trust management companies to engage one trustee for all funds. The trustee can be the Public Trustee of Malaysia or any independent trustee of Malaysia or any independent trustee companies.
The trustee's primary role is to see that the terms of the fund's deed are adhered to. The deed is a set of rules under which the trust is run, setting out such things as the investment scope of the fund.
The funds' assets are always in the custody of the trustee. Although the manager makes the decisions about the management of those assets, when to buy and sell, he cannot get his hands on them directly. This system ensures that the funds will not be used for fraudulent purposes. The manager has to deal via the trustee who will ensure that the day-to-day work of running the trust, the funds' accounts, valuations and calculations of unit prices are carried out properly and in accordance with both the deed and the rules laid down by the SC.
The trustee is also responsible for seeing that all the relevant paperwork is carried out. The trustee takes responsibility for overseeing the creation and cancellation (release) of units in the fund. The Guidelines also stipulate that unit trust managers have to produce semi annual and annual reports to its unitholders.
Where Would The Trust In Units Be Without The Trustee ?
Guidelines On Unit Trust Funds
In addition to the regulatory and safeguarding roles of the Regulator and Trustee respectively, the Guidelines provide additional safety features to protect the interest of the investing public. The Guidelines describe the characteristics of the investments permitted as opposed to prescribing the investments (which was previously investment in authorised Malaysian assets only) Furthermore, the Guidelines also reinforce the safety net by ensuring the funds are not overly exposed to high risk stocks and any single group of companies.
The Guidelines are subject to review by the Securities Commission as and when it deems fit and necessary to protect and ensure the growth of the industry.
The Federation of Malaysian Unit Trust Managers (FMUTM)
The first unit trust fund in Malaysia was launched in 1959. Who would then have imagined that years later there would be billions of ringgit in funds under management?
The rapid growth of the industry in recent years has led to the formation of the Federation of Malaysian Unit Trust Managers on 7 August 1993.
The Federation was set up with four objectives :
a. To promote the industry
b. To agree on standards of practice for the protection of the interests of unitholders.
c. To maintain the good name of the industry
d. To improve regulations, tax and other rules affecting the sales of unit trusts.
The Federation is represented by most of the unit trust managers in the Industry.
The Securities Commission Act 1993 provides that the Securities Commission (SC) is responsible for regulating all matters relating to unit trust schemes.
The SC has drawn up a set of Guidelines on Unit Trust Funds (Guidelines) to ensure a fair and consistent application of policies in considering proposals by management companies of unit trust funds.
The Guidelines are formulated with the objective of providing a regulatory framework that would protect the interests of the investing public and facilitate an orderly development of the unit trust industry. The requirements of the Guidelines are to be complied with by all parties involved in a unit trust scheme.
In addition to the above Act and Guidelines, all unit trust management companies must comply with the Companies (Amendments) Act 1997, the Securities Industry Act 1983 and Trustee Act 1949.
The Role Of The Trustee
Whatever may happen to their performance over time, unit trust managers have a reputation for the stability of their funds that is second to none. Much of this is due the legal framework in which they operate. The government lays down strict rules that unit trusts have to follow and the machinery for ensuring that this is done. Every individual fund has its own independent trustee, although for administrative simplicity, it is not unusual for unit trust management companies to engage one trustee for all funds. The trustee can be the Public Trustee of Malaysia or any independent trustee of Malaysia or any independent trustee companies.
The trustee's primary role is to see that the terms of the fund's deed are adhered to. The deed is a set of rules under which the trust is run, setting out such things as the investment scope of the fund.
The funds' assets are always in the custody of the trustee. Although the manager makes the decisions about the management of those assets, when to buy and sell, he cannot get his hands on them directly. This system ensures that the funds will not be used for fraudulent purposes. The manager has to deal via the trustee who will ensure that the day-to-day work of running the trust, the funds' accounts, valuations and calculations of unit prices are carried out properly and in accordance with both the deed and the rules laid down by the SC.
The trustee is also responsible for seeing that all the relevant paperwork is carried out. The trustee takes responsibility for overseeing the creation and cancellation (release) of units in the fund. The Guidelines also stipulate that unit trust managers have to produce semi annual and annual reports to its unitholders.
Where Would The Trust In Units Be Without The Trustee ?
Guidelines On Unit Trust Funds
In addition to the regulatory and safeguarding roles of the Regulator and Trustee respectively, the Guidelines provide additional safety features to protect the interest of the investing public. The Guidelines describe the characteristics of the investments permitted as opposed to prescribing the investments (which was previously investment in authorised Malaysian assets only) Furthermore, the Guidelines also reinforce the safety net by ensuring the funds are not overly exposed to high risk stocks and any single group of companies.
The Guidelines are subject to review by the Securities Commission as and when it deems fit and necessary to protect and ensure the growth of the industry.
The Federation of Malaysian Unit Trust Managers (FMUTM)
The first unit trust fund in Malaysia was launched in 1959. Who would then have imagined that years later there would be billions of ringgit in funds under management?
The rapid growth of the industry in recent years has led to the formation of the Federation of Malaysian Unit Trust Managers on 7 August 1993.
The Federation was set up with four objectives :
a. To promote the industry
b. To agree on standards of practice for the protection of the interests of unitholders.
c. To maintain the good name of the industry
d. To improve regulations, tax and other rules affecting the sales of unit trusts.
The Federation is represented by most of the unit trust managers in the Industry.
Your Benefits With Unit Trusts
Professional Investment Management
A unit trust combines the capital of many investors to employ experienced management in purchasing securities of many companies. The management of a unit trust provides diversification of investments and supervision which few investors could individually afford. Investment management is a full time job requiring specialised knowledge and training. It involves the study of a variety of factors.
Some of the factors which have to be examined are,
Comparisons of all industries in the economy
Relative studies of companies within a promising industry
Personal contact with management of promising corporations
Evaluating the effect of international events, both monetary and political
Determining the results of government policies on each industry
Professional management is also interested in studying less obvious factors such as wage rates, which might affect the economy or the profitability of certain companies or corporations. It requires careful study of individual companies within the industry to determine which of the many companies offer the best prospects for the investors. It requires comparing this company with the best companies in other promising industries. Since all this factors are constantly changing, re-evaluation and study have to be continuous.
Diversification
Diversification means spreading one's investments among many securities. It is an important method of reducing risk. It decreases the danger of damaging losses, which can occur through having all of one's eggs in one basket.
Diversification is difficult and expensive for a small investor because the cost of purchasing numbers of shares in many companies at the same time is disproportionately high.
Unit trusts with their resources are able to make widely diversified investments available to even the smallest investor. Diversification involves the ownership of many different securities. All the securities owned by an individual investor or unit trust fund are referred to as an investment portfolio.
Liquidity
An investor can sell his units, wholly or partially, at the following trading day's unit buying price. Units have a high liquidity, that is, they can be readily converted into cash.
It has to be remembered, however, that unit trust’s units will be redeemed at the prevailing buying price on the following day after receipt of the repurchase form. The unit price may be higher or lower than the price at which the investor started the plan. Unit trusts should be regarded as a long term, rather than short term investment.
Advantages of Compounding
Many unit trust funds provide facilities for investors to reinvest their distributions. For those who opted for distribution reinvestment, the fund will automatically credit the distributions into the account, rather than sending distribution warrants.
This process of reinvesting the income from the original investment and also of reinvesting the return on the total accumulating investments is called compounding.
As an illustration, if at 25, you invested RM100 at the beginning of every month at an interest growth of 10% per annum until age 65, your investment would have grown to RM638,000 ! The key element to compounding is time. The longer the period of time, the greater the growth.
Regularity of Investing
Many people do not have substantial sums of cash available to invest, but they can develop an investment account, investing smaller sums regularly in a unit trust.
Most unit trust funds have plans available to make it possible for smaller investors to invest relatively small amounts monthly. It is easy and inexpensive for an individual to acquire units through deposits of RM100 or more a month in a unit trust fund.
Fund Administration - The Convenient Factor
Few people have the experience, time or facility to properly set up an investment programme, much less to supervise it constantly. Unit trust managers have emerged as professional organisation devoted to solving the investment problems of people from all walks of life.
Unit trusts relieve their investors of the need to handle their own securities transactions. Investors in unit trust funds are not obliged to concern themselves with matters such as,
Obtaining quotations on securities being bought and sold
Delivery and payment for the securities involved in each transaction
Safekeeping of cash and securities
Accounting and bookkeeping procedures, etc
Investors of unit trust funds will receive semi annual and annual reports which describe
a. The portfolio of the funds
b. Investment changes made in the period
c. Distributions paid, if any
d. Fund manager's opinion on the economic and market outlook
A unit trust combines the capital of many investors to employ experienced management in purchasing securities of many companies. The management of a unit trust provides diversification of investments and supervision which few investors could individually afford. Investment management is a full time job requiring specialised knowledge and training. It involves the study of a variety of factors.
Some of the factors which have to be examined are,
Comparisons of all industries in the economy
Relative studies of companies within a promising industry
Personal contact with management of promising corporations
Evaluating the effect of international events, both monetary and political
Determining the results of government policies on each industry
Professional management is also interested in studying less obvious factors such as wage rates, which might affect the economy or the profitability of certain companies or corporations. It requires careful study of individual companies within the industry to determine which of the many companies offer the best prospects for the investors. It requires comparing this company with the best companies in other promising industries. Since all this factors are constantly changing, re-evaluation and study have to be continuous.
Diversification
Diversification means spreading one's investments among many securities. It is an important method of reducing risk. It decreases the danger of damaging losses, which can occur through having all of one's eggs in one basket.
Diversification is difficult and expensive for a small investor because the cost of purchasing numbers of shares in many companies at the same time is disproportionately high.
Unit trusts with their resources are able to make widely diversified investments available to even the smallest investor. Diversification involves the ownership of many different securities. All the securities owned by an individual investor or unit trust fund are referred to as an investment portfolio.
Liquidity
An investor can sell his units, wholly or partially, at the following trading day's unit buying price. Units have a high liquidity, that is, they can be readily converted into cash.
It has to be remembered, however, that unit trust’s units will be redeemed at the prevailing buying price on the following day after receipt of the repurchase form. The unit price may be higher or lower than the price at which the investor started the plan. Unit trusts should be regarded as a long term, rather than short term investment.
Advantages of Compounding
Many unit trust funds provide facilities for investors to reinvest their distributions. For those who opted for distribution reinvestment, the fund will automatically credit the distributions into the account, rather than sending distribution warrants.
This process of reinvesting the income from the original investment and also of reinvesting the return on the total accumulating investments is called compounding.
As an illustration, if at 25, you invested RM100 at the beginning of every month at an interest growth of 10% per annum until age 65, your investment would have grown to RM638,000 ! The key element to compounding is time. The longer the period of time, the greater the growth.
Regularity of Investing
Many people do not have substantial sums of cash available to invest, but they can develop an investment account, investing smaller sums regularly in a unit trust.
Most unit trust funds have plans available to make it possible for smaller investors to invest relatively small amounts monthly. It is easy and inexpensive for an individual to acquire units through deposits of RM100 or more a month in a unit trust fund.
Fund Administration - The Convenient Factor
Few people have the experience, time or facility to properly set up an investment programme, much less to supervise it constantly. Unit trust managers have emerged as professional organisation devoted to solving the investment problems of people from all walks of life.
Unit trusts relieve their investors of the need to handle their own securities transactions. Investors in unit trust funds are not obliged to concern themselves with matters such as,
Obtaining quotations on securities being bought and sold
Delivery and payment for the securities involved in each transaction
Safekeeping of cash and securities
Accounting and bookkeeping procedures, etc
Investors of unit trust funds will receive semi annual and annual reports which describe
a. The portfolio of the funds
b. Investment changes made in the period
c. Distributions paid, if any
d. Fund manager's opinion on the economic and market outlook
Unit Trust In Brief
WHAT IS A UNIT TRUST ?
A unit trust is a financial vehicle through which individuals may invest their money. The idea behind unit trust is better investment through collective investing. That is to say pooling the investments of many investors, individuals and institutions.
Investing in a unit trust offers investors numerous advantages, including :
a. Professional management at a low cost
b. Safety through the spreading of risk (diversification)
c. Liquidity
d. Ease of transaction
e. Capital appreciation/income stream
The operation of a unit trust may be best explained by outlining its similarities with the operation of a bank, with which most individuals are familiar.
Many individuals deposit money in the banks, for which they receive interest. These individuals expect complete liquidity where they must be able to withdraw their deposits in cash at any time. The banks employ professional managers to look after the deposits. The deposits are invested. These managers lend the deposits to other individuals requiring funds and a host of other profit generating facilities of the banks.
Similarly, unit trust holders wish to put their money to generate higher returns. The goal of all investments is to make money more productive, either through producing income or growth. Unit trust holders have liquidity because their units can be readily converted into cash at any time. By investing in unit trusts, it allows them to engage professional fund managers at a low cost to the individual investors. These managers diversifies the investible funds in many different securities and other approved channels to spread the risk.
The unit trust is constituted through a document known as a deed which brings together and binds the various parties to the deed :
· The trustee, who holds the assets of the trusts on behalf of the unitholders.
· The manager, who is the promoter of the scheme and provides investment and administrative expertise and markets units to the public
· The unitholders who provide the funds for investment and expect to receive the benefits derived from the investment. The effect of dividing the beneficiaries' interest in the trust into units is that their interest is quantified into discrete portions.
Particular advantages of unit trusts over the pooled investments include :
· The provision of an independent trustee to hold the trust's assets on behalf of unitholders and to watch over their interests on an on-going basis.
· The deed and prospectus are scrutinised by government authorities, prior to an offer of units being made to the general public. The managers and trustee are themselves approved by the regulators.
· A buy back provision or covenant in each deed which requires the manager to redeem an investor's units within specified time limits at a price determined in accordance with the deed.
Provisions in the deed under which the manager and trustee are in a fiduciary position in relation to the trust (i.e. they can only profit in ways laid down under the deed). The investor can determine in advance what costs and charges they will be required to pay to join and stay in the trust.
A unit trust is a financial vehicle through which individuals may invest their money. The idea behind unit trust is better investment through collective investing. That is to say pooling the investments of many investors, individuals and institutions.
Investing in a unit trust offers investors numerous advantages, including :
a. Professional management at a low cost
b. Safety through the spreading of risk (diversification)
c. Liquidity
d. Ease of transaction
e. Capital appreciation/income stream
The operation of a unit trust may be best explained by outlining its similarities with the operation of a bank, with which most individuals are familiar.
Many individuals deposit money in the banks, for which they receive interest. These individuals expect complete liquidity where they must be able to withdraw their deposits in cash at any time. The banks employ professional managers to look after the deposits. The deposits are invested. These managers lend the deposits to other individuals requiring funds and a host of other profit generating facilities of the banks.
Similarly, unit trust holders wish to put their money to generate higher returns. The goal of all investments is to make money more productive, either through producing income or growth. Unit trust holders have liquidity because their units can be readily converted into cash at any time. By investing in unit trusts, it allows them to engage professional fund managers at a low cost to the individual investors. These managers diversifies the investible funds in many different securities and other approved channels to spread the risk.
The unit trust is constituted through a document known as a deed which brings together and binds the various parties to the deed :
· The trustee, who holds the assets of the trusts on behalf of the unitholders.
· The manager, who is the promoter of the scheme and provides investment and administrative expertise and markets units to the public
· The unitholders who provide the funds for investment and expect to receive the benefits derived from the investment. The effect of dividing the beneficiaries' interest in the trust into units is that their interest is quantified into discrete portions.
Particular advantages of unit trusts over the pooled investments include :
· The provision of an independent trustee to hold the trust's assets on behalf of unitholders and to watch over their interests on an on-going basis.
· The deed and prospectus are scrutinised by government authorities, prior to an offer of units being made to the general public. The managers and trustee are themselves approved by the regulators.
· A buy back provision or covenant in each deed which requires the manager to redeem an investor's units within specified time limits at a price determined in accordance with the deed.
Provisions in the deed under which the manager and trustee are in a fiduciary position in relation to the trust (i.e. they can only profit in ways laid down under the deed). The investor can determine in advance what costs and charges they will be required to pay to join and stay in the trust.
Perspektif Islam & Insuran hayat
Oleh
Dr. Saiful Azhar Rosly
Dipetik dari Akhbar The Sun, Business 30-5-97 muka 5
Pada tahun 1974, Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan telah mengeluarkan fatwa bahawa insurans hayat konvensional adalah haram kerana ia mengandungi unsur 1). Gharar atau risiko dan ketidaktentuan 2). Maysir atau perjudian dan 3). Riba atau bunga. Sehubungan dengan itu, versi insurans yang bersifat islam telah diperkenalkan pada tahun 1985, apa yang dinamakan sebagai Takaful Keluarga pada hari ini.
Persoalannya sekarang ialah apakah rupa bentuk gharar dan maysir yang difahami oleh para ulama bila fatwa tersebut dibuat? Apakah dalam fikiran mereka itu berkaitan dengan risiko perbuatan manipulatif manusia, yakni risiko yang berbentuk moral dan keruntuhan moral? Atau mereka mungkin merujuk kepada risiko spekulatif. Jikalaulah benar yang demikian, ahli perundangan Muslim mungkin telah diberi nasihat yang tidak benar oleh pengamal kerana insurans konvensional tidak merangkumi soal risiko spekulatif, malahan syarikat insurans tidak akan memberi pampasan kepada pemegang polisi sekiranya berlaku kerugian akibat dari perbuatan runtuh moral ( moral hazard ). Untuk menarik pelanggan membeli takaful keluarga, ada baiknya syarikat takaful menjelaskan perkara ini.
Mengatakan insurans konvensional itu haram adalah mengelirukan kerana pada dasarnya, kedua takaful keluarga dan insurans konvensional bertujuan mengurangkan dan meringankan bentuk gharar atau ketidaktentuan atau risiko dalam kehidupan kita yang dinamakan risiko tulin ( pure risk). Risiko tulin wujud bila tidak terdapat potensi mengambil keuntungan, hanya kerugian yang sudah pasti sahaja. Kebakaran, banjir, kemalangan kereta motor dan kecuian adalah bentuk kejadian yang melibatkan risiko tulin. Peranan insurans ialah meringankan beban risiko ini atau memindahkannya ke satu pihak yang lain melalui perjanjian bersama perniagaan.
Potensi sama ada mendapat keuntungan atau kerugian adalah diluar bidang insurans. Bila seseorang melaburkan wangnya untuk membeli saham atau harta, risiko demikian tidak boleh dikira tidak bersifat Islamik, kerana Islam menggalakkan umatnya mencari kekayaan melalui perdagangan dan perniagaan.Kedua-duanya mengandungi prinsip mengambil risiko dan perkongsian untung.
Al-Quran dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 278 mengatakan ‘‘Allah s.w.t membenarkan perniagaan tetapi melarang ‘‘riba’’ .Risiko spekulatif hanya akan terjadi bila seseorang membuat aktiviti pelaburan ,yakni bila pelaburan dibuat, maka akan timbul risiko spekulatif, jika tiada pelaburan, risiko ini hilang . Ini sangatlah berbeza dengan risiko tulin kerana risiko ini sentiasa wujud, misalnya, pada bila-bila masa saja seorang itu berhadapan dengan kematian akibat dari kebakaran, kemalangan kereta motor, bencana alam, jatuh sakit dan sebagainya. Maka disinilah menjadikan insurans tersangat penting untuk membantu meringankan pendedahan risiko tulin dan kerugian terhadap dirinya.
Islam melarang perjudian atau Maysir. Ini kerana kebarangkalian menang atau mendapat untung adalah tipis sekali. Kebarangkalian satu peristiwa adalah peluang tidak tentu sesuatu akan berlaku. Risiko spekulatif dalam perjudian adalah sangat tinggi dan tidak dapat dijangka kerana peluang menang sangat tipis.
Ramai orang adalah risk-averse ( mereka memilih pelaburan yang selamat dari yang tidak selamat).Perbuatan berjudi itu sendiri pada hakikatnya adalah tidak rasional. Dalam kes ini insurans hayat pula, risiko tulin itu wujud kerana kematian itu adalah pasti, hanya bila akan berlaku tidak pasti. Maka menjadi tugas syarikat insurans mengkaji dan mengira kebarangkalian berlaku kematian atau kadar kematian seseoarang pada usia tertentu yang sudah pastinya bukan merupakan satu bentuk perjudian, tiada jaminan yang setiap orang akan menang, tetapi sangat besar kemungkinan ramai yang akan rugi. Oleh yang demikian insurans
bukan satu perjudian kerana risiko spekulatif wujud dalam perjudian sedangkan risiko tulin wujud tidak kira seseorang itu ada membeli polisi insurans atau tidak.
Risiko dalam perniagaan walau bagaimana pun berbeza dari risiko spekulatif perjudian,dalam perniagaan,keuntungan adalah besar bila ekonomi memuncak naik dan keuntungan sedikit bila sebaliknya berlaku.Sementara dalam perjudian pula,perolehannya masih kecil tidak kira ekonomi baik atau pun buruk.Oleh itu adalah wajar kita mengetahui apakah pemikiran para ulamak bila isu gharar dan maysir atau perjudian digunakan untuk membincangkan samada insurans itu haram atau tidak.
Dari segi unsur riba pula,mungkin inilah satu cara menyakinkan orang Islam bahawa insurans hayat konvensional tidak halal seperti yang diisytiharkan oleh fatwa tersebut.Ini berdasarkan syarikat insurans melaburkan dana mereka dalam saham yang menjana faedah / bunga seperti bond kerajaan dan sekuriti hutang swasta.Bila seseorang meninggal dunia, manfaat kematian akan dikeluarkan dari jumlah keuntungan syarikat,keuntugan ini dibahagikan pula kepada keuntungan underwriting dan keuntungan pelaburan.Keuntungan underwriting dihasilkan sekiranya premium yang dipungut melebihi perbelanjaan menyediakan perlindungan dan pembayaran pampasan oleh syarikat. Keuntungan pelaburan dijana dari pelaburan Bond dan saham.Dari yang kedua inilah manfaat kematian dari insurans hayat konvensional dianggap sebagai tidak halal kerana ia bercampur dengan riba dari pelaburan tersebut.Mungkin bila sampai masanya instrument kewangan dipasaran hari ini tidak mengandungi riba ,maka insurans hayat konvension akan menjadi halal dengan sendirinya.
Kesimpulannya : Kita mengatakan Takaful Keluarga adalah lebih baik atau superior daripada insurans hayat konvensional semata-mata kerana faktor riba itu saja.
Takaful bermaksud JAMINAN BERSAMA.
Dalam sitem takaful keluarga,manfaat yang diberi adalah mengikut konsep Tabarru dan Mudarabah.Tabarru dirujuk kepada konsep perhubungan berkongsi dan kerjasama sesama pemegang polisi,yaitu,manfaat kematian dikelurkan dari tabungan dana melalui premium yang dikumpulkan dan dividen dari pelaburan bebas bunga.Perhubungan diantara operator Takaful dengan pemegang polisi adalah berdasarkan konsep mudarabah yang mana pihak yang pertama menyandang tugas sebagai USAHAWAN ,pihak yang kedua sebagai PEMBEKAL MODAL..Operator takaful melaburkan premium dalam instrument bebas bunga / faedah dimana keuntungan akan dibahagi mengikut kadar perkongsian yang telah dipersetujui.
Apa yang jelas kita lihat yang tersebut diatas ialah satu cara mendapatkan manfaat kematian yang bebas bunga.
Walau bagaimana cara sekalipun,kebanyakan manfaat adalah diambil dari akaun khas peserta,bukan dari dividen.
Pada keseluruhannya,kontrak insurans hayat bertujuan memberikan perlindungan kepada individu dari beban kehilangan / kerugian akibat dari kematian dan ia tidak boleh lagi dikaitkan dengan unsur gharar dan maysir.
Operator takaful harus menjelaskan perkara ini.Pada masa dulu,perbankan islam dapat menarik pelanggan dengan kias ayam yang disembelih dengan ayam yang tidak disembelih.
Patutkah Operator Takaful berpaut kepada pemikiran demikian dengan menggunakan faktor maysir dan gharar untuk mendapatkan syer pasaran ?
Wajarkah mereka mengatakan bahawa syarikat insurans konvensional hari ini enggan memberitahu dimanakah syarikat melaburkan premium,dan seterusnya menimbulkan rasa sangsi dan ketidak selesaan orang ramai ?
Dr. Saiful Azhar Rosly
Dipetik dari Akhbar The Sun, Business 30-5-97 muka 5
Pada tahun 1974, Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan telah mengeluarkan fatwa bahawa insurans hayat konvensional adalah haram kerana ia mengandungi unsur 1). Gharar atau risiko dan ketidaktentuan 2). Maysir atau perjudian dan 3). Riba atau bunga. Sehubungan dengan itu, versi insurans yang bersifat islam telah diperkenalkan pada tahun 1985, apa yang dinamakan sebagai Takaful Keluarga pada hari ini.
Persoalannya sekarang ialah apakah rupa bentuk gharar dan maysir yang difahami oleh para ulama bila fatwa tersebut dibuat? Apakah dalam fikiran mereka itu berkaitan dengan risiko perbuatan manipulatif manusia, yakni risiko yang berbentuk moral dan keruntuhan moral? Atau mereka mungkin merujuk kepada risiko spekulatif. Jikalaulah benar yang demikian, ahli perundangan Muslim mungkin telah diberi nasihat yang tidak benar oleh pengamal kerana insurans konvensional tidak merangkumi soal risiko spekulatif, malahan syarikat insurans tidak akan memberi pampasan kepada pemegang polisi sekiranya berlaku kerugian akibat dari perbuatan runtuh moral ( moral hazard ). Untuk menarik pelanggan membeli takaful keluarga, ada baiknya syarikat takaful menjelaskan perkara ini.
Mengatakan insurans konvensional itu haram adalah mengelirukan kerana pada dasarnya, kedua takaful keluarga dan insurans konvensional bertujuan mengurangkan dan meringankan bentuk gharar atau ketidaktentuan atau risiko dalam kehidupan kita yang dinamakan risiko tulin ( pure risk). Risiko tulin wujud bila tidak terdapat potensi mengambil keuntungan, hanya kerugian yang sudah pasti sahaja. Kebakaran, banjir, kemalangan kereta motor dan kecuian adalah bentuk kejadian yang melibatkan risiko tulin. Peranan insurans ialah meringankan beban risiko ini atau memindahkannya ke satu pihak yang lain melalui perjanjian bersama perniagaan.
Potensi sama ada mendapat keuntungan atau kerugian adalah diluar bidang insurans. Bila seseorang melaburkan wangnya untuk membeli saham atau harta, risiko demikian tidak boleh dikira tidak bersifat Islamik, kerana Islam menggalakkan umatnya mencari kekayaan melalui perdagangan dan perniagaan.Kedua-duanya mengandungi prinsip mengambil risiko dan perkongsian untung.
Al-Quran dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 278 mengatakan ‘‘Allah s.w.t membenarkan perniagaan tetapi melarang ‘‘riba’’ .Risiko spekulatif hanya akan terjadi bila seseorang membuat aktiviti pelaburan ,yakni bila pelaburan dibuat, maka akan timbul risiko spekulatif, jika tiada pelaburan, risiko ini hilang . Ini sangatlah berbeza dengan risiko tulin kerana risiko ini sentiasa wujud, misalnya, pada bila-bila masa saja seorang itu berhadapan dengan kematian akibat dari kebakaran, kemalangan kereta motor, bencana alam, jatuh sakit dan sebagainya. Maka disinilah menjadikan insurans tersangat penting untuk membantu meringankan pendedahan risiko tulin dan kerugian terhadap dirinya.
Islam melarang perjudian atau Maysir. Ini kerana kebarangkalian menang atau mendapat untung adalah tipis sekali. Kebarangkalian satu peristiwa adalah peluang tidak tentu sesuatu akan berlaku. Risiko spekulatif dalam perjudian adalah sangat tinggi dan tidak dapat dijangka kerana peluang menang sangat tipis.
Ramai orang adalah risk-averse ( mereka memilih pelaburan yang selamat dari yang tidak selamat).Perbuatan berjudi itu sendiri pada hakikatnya adalah tidak rasional. Dalam kes ini insurans hayat pula, risiko tulin itu wujud kerana kematian itu adalah pasti, hanya bila akan berlaku tidak pasti. Maka menjadi tugas syarikat insurans mengkaji dan mengira kebarangkalian berlaku kematian atau kadar kematian seseoarang pada usia tertentu yang sudah pastinya bukan merupakan satu bentuk perjudian, tiada jaminan yang setiap orang akan menang, tetapi sangat besar kemungkinan ramai yang akan rugi. Oleh yang demikian insurans
bukan satu perjudian kerana risiko spekulatif wujud dalam perjudian sedangkan risiko tulin wujud tidak kira seseorang itu ada membeli polisi insurans atau tidak.
Risiko dalam perniagaan walau bagaimana pun berbeza dari risiko spekulatif perjudian,dalam perniagaan,keuntungan adalah besar bila ekonomi memuncak naik dan keuntungan sedikit bila sebaliknya berlaku.Sementara dalam perjudian pula,perolehannya masih kecil tidak kira ekonomi baik atau pun buruk.Oleh itu adalah wajar kita mengetahui apakah pemikiran para ulamak bila isu gharar dan maysir atau perjudian digunakan untuk membincangkan samada insurans itu haram atau tidak.
Dari segi unsur riba pula,mungkin inilah satu cara menyakinkan orang Islam bahawa insurans hayat konvensional tidak halal seperti yang diisytiharkan oleh fatwa tersebut.Ini berdasarkan syarikat insurans melaburkan dana mereka dalam saham yang menjana faedah / bunga seperti bond kerajaan dan sekuriti hutang swasta.Bila seseorang meninggal dunia, manfaat kematian akan dikeluarkan dari jumlah keuntungan syarikat,keuntugan ini dibahagikan pula kepada keuntungan underwriting dan keuntungan pelaburan.Keuntungan underwriting dihasilkan sekiranya premium yang dipungut melebihi perbelanjaan menyediakan perlindungan dan pembayaran pampasan oleh syarikat. Keuntungan pelaburan dijana dari pelaburan Bond dan saham.Dari yang kedua inilah manfaat kematian dari insurans hayat konvensional dianggap sebagai tidak halal kerana ia bercampur dengan riba dari pelaburan tersebut.Mungkin bila sampai masanya instrument kewangan dipasaran hari ini tidak mengandungi riba ,maka insurans hayat konvension akan menjadi halal dengan sendirinya.
Kesimpulannya : Kita mengatakan Takaful Keluarga adalah lebih baik atau superior daripada insurans hayat konvensional semata-mata kerana faktor riba itu saja.
Takaful bermaksud JAMINAN BERSAMA.
Dalam sitem takaful keluarga,manfaat yang diberi adalah mengikut konsep Tabarru dan Mudarabah.Tabarru dirujuk kepada konsep perhubungan berkongsi dan kerjasama sesama pemegang polisi,yaitu,manfaat kematian dikelurkan dari tabungan dana melalui premium yang dikumpulkan dan dividen dari pelaburan bebas bunga.Perhubungan diantara operator Takaful dengan pemegang polisi adalah berdasarkan konsep mudarabah yang mana pihak yang pertama menyandang tugas sebagai USAHAWAN ,pihak yang kedua sebagai PEMBEKAL MODAL..Operator takaful melaburkan premium dalam instrument bebas bunga / faedah dimana keuntungan akan dibahagi mengikut kadar perkongsian yang telah dipersetujui.
Apa yang jelas kita lihat yang tersebut diatas ialah satu cara mendapatkan manfaat kematian yang bebas bunga.
Walau bagaimana cara sekalipun,kebanyakan manfaat adalah diambil dari akaun khas peserta,bukan dari dividen.
Pada keseluruhannya,kontrak insurans hayat bertujuan memberikan perlindungan kepada individu dari beban kehilangan / kerugian akibat dari kematian dan ia tidak boleh lagi dikaitkan dengan unsur gharar dan maysir.
Operator takaful harus menjelaskan perkara ini.Pada masa dulu,perbankan islam dapat menarik pelanggan dengan kias ayam yang disembelih dengan ayam yang tidak disembelih.
Patutkah Operator Takaful berpaut kepada pemikiran demikian dengan menggunakan faktor maysir dan gharar untuk mendapatkan syer pasaran ?
Wajarkah mereka mengatakan bahawa syarikat insurans konvensional hari ini enggan memberitahu dimanakah syarikat melaburkan premium,dan seterusnya menimbulkan rasa sangsi dan ketidak selesaan orang ramai ?
Contoh presentation Sayangi gaji anda
Ideology presentation...boleh anda gunakan seperti contoh dialog di bawah:
1. Sebagai seorang pekerja/peniaga apa perkara yang encik PALING SERONOK terutamanya di akhir bulan?
2. Encik sayang tak gaji tersebut?
3. Pernahkah encik berlatih untuk TIDAK DAPAT GAJI sebulan?, 2 bulan?
4. Encik bekerja, samada sebagai kakitangan kerajaan, swasta, berniaga, korporat malah ______________ sekalipun itu semua BAIK; yang TIDAK BAIKnya ialah pendapatan daripada kerja itu sangat-sangat BERISIKO akibat
i) Takdir kematian
ii) Penyakit
iii) Hilang Upaya Kekal
5. Akibatnya isteri kehilangan suami, anak kehilangan ayah dan sebuah keluarga kehilangan pendapatan.
6. Saya ada satu plan yang MURAH, MUDAH, SELAMAT, TERJAMIN yakni;
Tugas encik asingkan RM100 daripada pendapatan bulanan encik
manakala Tugas syarikat saya MENJAMIN RM100,000 untuk keluarga encik
7. Boleh bagi nama dan no I/C isteri encik untuk memegang jaminan ini?
Sekiranya ada objection tunggu
Berdasarkan kajian, 95% orang yang faham TAPI tidak bertindak ; ini saya namakan kelompok orang yang negatif. Cuma 5% sahaja kelompok yang faham dan bertindak ini orang yang positif.
Encik dalam kelompok mana?
1. Sebagai seorang pekerja/peniaga apa perkara yang encik PALING SERONOK terutamanya di akhir bulan?
2. Encik sayang tak gaji tersebut?
3. Pernahkah encik berlatih untuk TIDAK DAPAT GAJI sebulan?, 2 bulan?
4. Encik bekerja, samada sebagai kakitangan kerajaan, swasta, berniaga, korporat malah ______________ sekalipun itu semua BAIK; yang TIDAK BAIKnya ialah pendapatan daripada kerja itu sangat-sangat BERISIKO akibat
i) Takdir kematian
ii) Penyakit
iii) Hilang Upaya Kekal
5. Akibatnya isteri kehilangan suami, anak kehilangan ayah dan sebuah keluarga kehilangan pendapatan.
6. Saya ada satu plan yang MURAH, MUDAH, SELAMAT, TERJAMIN yakni;
Tugas encik asingkan RM100 daripada pendapatan bulanan encik
manakala Tugas syarikat saya MENJAMIN RM100,000 untuk keluarga encik
7. Boleh bagi nama dan no I/C isteri encik untuk memegang jaminan ini?
Sekiranya ada objection tunggu
Berdasarkan kajian, 95% orang yang faham TAPI tidak bertindak ; ini saya namakan kelompok orang yang negatif. Cuma 5% sahaja kelompok yang faham dan bertindak ini orang yang positif.
Encik dalam kelompok mana?
Pengertian Harta Pusaka
Pengertian Ilmu Faraidh
Ilmu faraidh ialah ilmu yang menerangkan cara pembahagian harta pusaka kepada anggota waris si mati mengikut ketentuan-ketentuan Allah S.W.T di dalam Al-Quran.
Yang dimaksudkan sebagai harta pusaka
Harta pusaka ialah peninggalan seseorang yang telah meninggal dunia, baik berupa harta benda atau hak-hak atau apapun aset yang mempunyai nilai kebendaan, yang dibenarkan syariat untuk dipusakai oleh ahli waris.
Perkara tersebut di terangkan dalam Hadith Rasulullah s.a.w: "Barang siapa yang meninggalkan sesuatu hak atau harta, maka hak atau harta itu adalah untuk ahli warisnya setelah kematiannya."
Termasuk sebagai harta pusaka si mati adalah:
i. Harta benda yang bersifat tetap seperti bangunan, tanah, ladang dan seumpamanya
ii. Harta benda yang bersifat tidak tetap atau boleh bergerak seperti wang tunai, peralatan, kenderaan, barang-barang kemas, pakaian dan seumpamanya
iii. Hutang-hutang orang kepada si mati
iv. Harta benda yang telah digadaikan si mati dan boleh ditebusi
v. Harta benda yang telah beli si mati semasa hayatnya berupa sesuatu pembelian yang telah dibayar wangnya tetapi belum diterima barangnya
vi. Mas kahwin yang masih belum diserahkan kepada isteri sehingga ia meninggal
vii. Harta-harta lain seperti wang simpanan, wang EPF, saham-saham, saham-saham amanah (Unit Trust), bon, insurans dan seumpamanya yang dibolehkan syarak
viii. Harta benda yang disebutkan tadi sama ada berada di dalam dan di luar tempat tinggal si mati.
ix. Lain-lain aset yang mempunyai nilai kebendaan.
Yang diistilahkan sebagai para waris
Para waris ialah orang yang berhak mewarisi harta pusaka si mati berdasarkan hubungan berikut dengan si mati:
i. Kekeluargaan (nasab)
ii. Perkahwinan atau perwalian
iii. Perhubungan perghambaan
Hikmah di sebalik hukum faraidh
Hukum Faraidh ditetapkan Allah dalam Al-Quran dengan begitu terperinci. Masyarakat Islam dalam keadaan bagaimanapun, mesti berpegang teguh dengan apa yang telah ditetapkan Allah.
Allah telah menentukan hak-hak perwarisan berdasarkan tanggungjawab ke atas lelaki dan wanita. Ia telah secara adil dan sistematik memilih ahli waris mengambil hak-hak yang telah diberikan kepada mereka (si mati).
Dalam sistem sosial Islam, wanita tidak diwajibkan bekerja untuk keperluan kehidupannya. Lelaki di dalam keluarganya dipertanggungjawabkan untuk mencari mata pencarian dan memberikan keluarga wanitanya keperluan asas kehidupan.
Begitu juga apabila wanita berkahwin, ia menerima mas kahwin yang ia sendiri tentukan. Ia mempunyai hak mutlak untuk menentukan bagaimana mas kahwin itu harus digunakan. Lelaki sebagai suami yang memberinya mas kahwin itu.
Mengambil kira kedua-dua contoh tersebut di mana wanita diberi kelebihan perlindungan oleh lelaki, maka jelas golongan wanita telah ditentukan bahagian mereka yang adil.
Baitulmal
Baitulmal adalah lembaga atau institusi yang berfungsi sebagai pengamanah perbendaharaan awam bagi orang Islam. Ia mengendalikan asset yang bertujuan untuk maslahat umum.
Harta peninggalan si mati akan menjadi hak Baitulmal dalam keadaan-keadaan berikut:
i. Tiada ahli waris yang berhak menerimanya
ii. Ahli waris telah menerima bahagian masing-masing tetapi masih terdapat baki harta pusaka
iii. Harta si mati yang tidak dituntut oleh sesiapa
iv. Tiada ahli waris langsung.
Ilmu faraidh ialah ilmu yang menerangkan cara pembahagian harta pusaka kepada anggota waris si mati mengikut ketentuan-ketentuan Allah S.W.T di dalam Al-Quran.
Yang dimaksudkan sebagai harta pusaka
Harta pusaka ialah peninggalan seseorang yang telah meninggal dunia, baik berupa harta benda atau hak-hak atau apapun aset yang mempunyai nilai kebendaan, yang dibenarkan syariat untuk dipusakai oleh ahli waris.
Perkara tersebut di terangkan dalam Hadith Rasulullah s.a.w: "Barang siapa yang meninggalkan sesuatu hak atau harta, maka hak atau harta itu adalah untuk ahli warisnya setelah kematiannya."
Termasuk sebagai harta pusaka si mati adalah:
i. Harta benda yang bersifat tetap seperti bangunan, tanah, ladang dan seumpamanya
ii. Harta benda yang bersifat tidak tetap atau boleh bergerak seperti wang tunai, peralatan, kenderaan, barang-barang kemas, pakaian dan seumpamanya
iii. Hutang-hutang orang kepada si mati
iv. Harta benda yang telah digadaikan si mati dan boleh ditebusi
v. Harta benda yang telah beli si mati semasa hayatnya berupa sesuatu pembelian yang telah dibayar wangnya tetapi belum diterima barangnya
vi. Mas kahwin yang masih belum diserahkan kepada isteri sehingga ia meninggal
vii. Harta-harta lain seperti wang simpanan, wang EPF, saham-saham, saham-saham amanah (Unit Trust), bon, insurans dan seumpamanya yang dibolehkan syarak
viii. Harta benda yang disebutkan tadi sama ada berada di dalam dan di luar tempat tinggal si mati.
ix. Lain-lain aset yang mempunyai nilai kebendaan.
Yang diistilahkan sebagai para waris
Para waris ialah orang yang berhak mewarisi harta pusaka si mati berdasarkan hubungan berikut dengan si mati:
i. Kekeluargaan (nasab)
ii. Perkahwinan atau perwalian
iii. Perhubungan perghambaan
Hikmah di sebalik hukum faraidh
Hukum Faraidh ditetapkan Allah dalam Al-Quran dengan begitu terperinci. Masyarakat Islam dalam keadaan bagaimanapun, mesti berpegang teguh dengan apa yang telah ditetapkan Allah.
Allah telah menentukan hak-hak perwarisan berdasarkan tanggungjawab ke atas lelaki dan wanita. Ia telah secara adil dan sistematik memilih ahli waris mengambil hak-hak yang telah diberikan kepada mereka (si mati).
Dalam sistem sosial Islam, wanita tidak diwajibkan bekerja untuk keperluan kehidupannya. Lelaki di dalam keluarganya dipertanggungjawabkan untuk mencari mata pencarian dan memberikan keluarga wanitanya keperluan asas kehidupan.
Begitu juga apabila wanita berkahwin, ia menerima mas kahwin yang ia sendiri tentukan. Ia mempunyai hak mutlak untuk menentukan bagaimana mas kahwin itu harus digunakan. Lelaki sebagai suami yang memberinya mas kahwin itu.
Mengambil kira kedua-dua contoh tersebut di mana wanita diberi kelebihan perlindungan oleh lelaki, maka jelas golongan wanita telah ditentukan bahagian mereka yang adil.
Baitulmal
Baitulmal adalah lembaga atau institusi yang berfungsi sebagai pengamanah perbendaharaan awam bagi orang Islam. Ia mengendalikan asset yang bertujuan untuk maslahat umum.
Harta peninggalan si mati akan menjadi hak Baitulmal dalam keadaan-keadaan berikut:
i. Tiada ahli waris yang berhak menerimanya
ii. Ahli waris telah menerima bahagian masing-masing tetapi masih terdapat baki harta pusaka
iii. Harta si mati yang tidak dituntut oleh sesiapa
iv. Tiada ahli waris langsung.
Cara pengurusan aktiviti yang boleh di kongsi bersama
Di sini saya ingin berkongsi cara yang terbaik pengurusan aktiviti anda:
1. Mencari Prospek / Prospecting
2. Pendekatan / Approach
3. Janji Temu jualan / Sales oppointment
4. Mencari maklumat / Fact Finding info
5. Pembentukan keperluan / Needs creation
6. Penyelesaian & penyampaian / Solution & presentation
7. Penutup & menagani bantahan / Closing & handling objection
8. Penghantaran policy dan rujukan / Policy delivery & referral
9. Khidmat lepas Jualan / After - Sales service
So harap ini dapat digunakan untuk aktivity pengurusan anda....ration yang terbaik approach 5 orang sehari...oppointment 3 orang sehari..presentation 1 orang...ratio boleh closing 0.4..di sini juga kita boleh memperoleh referal seramai 5 orang...inilah rahsia untuk bergaji rm 5k sebulan...
selamat berjaya
1. Mencari Prospek / Prospecting
2. Pendekatan / Approach
3. Janji Temu jualan / Sales oppointment
4. Mencari maklumat / Fact Finding info
5. Pembentukan keperluan / Needs creation
6. Penyelesaian & penyampaian / Solution & presentation
7. Penutup & menagani bantahan / Closing & handling objection
8. Penghantaran policy dan rujukan / Policy delivery & referral
9. Khidmat lepas Jualan / After - Sales service
So harap ini dapat digunakan untuk aktivity pengurusan anda....ration yang terbaik approach 5 orang sehari...oppointment 3 orang sehari..presentation 1 orang...ratio boleh closing 0.4..di sini juga kita boleh memperoleh referal seramai 5 orang...inilah rahsia untuk bergaji rm 5k sebulan...
selamat berjaya
Assalamualaikum...
Alhamdulillah terhasillah blog yang ingin saya kongsikan pada anda...ideology...bermaksud idea-idea yang bermanfaat yang kita boleh kongsi bersama dalam urusan consultant insuran mahupun consultant unit trus...dan di sini juga saya menawarkan khidmat saya dalam bidang insuran dan unti trust...terutamanya kaum melayu...tidak kira apa company MAA, Prudential, AIA, Takaful Ikhlas, ING, AM assurance dan lain-lain...Ayuh kita berkongsi di blog saya...Ideology..
-Mantoro 2.5-
-Mantoro 2.5-
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